Notice of Completion of Inventory of Native American
Human Remains and Funerary Objects from Hawaii Under the
Control of the U.S. Marine Corps Air Station, Kaneohe
Bay.
AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior.
ACTION: Notice.
_________________________________________________________
Notice is hereby given in accordance with provisions of
the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation
Act, 25 U.S.C. 3003(d), of the completion of the
inventory of human remains and funerary objects from
Hawaii in the control of the U.S. Marine Corps Air
station, Kaneohe Bay, HI.
A detailed inventory and assessment of these human
remains has been made by the staff of the Bernice Pauahi
Bishop Museum, Honolulu, HI, and representatives of Hui
Malama I Na Kupuna 'O Hawai'i Nei and the Office of
Hawaiian Affairs. The latter two organizations qualify
as Native Hawaiian organizations as defined in 25 U.S.C.
3001(11).
The human remains and funerary objects represent a
minimum of 1582 individuals and 271 funerary objects and
were recovered from the Mokapu Peninsula, Island of Oahu.
The majority of the remains were recovered during
archaeological excavations conducted in 1938-1940 by
Gordon T. Bowles (University of Hawaii) and Kenneth P.
Emory (Bishop Museum), and in 1957 by Robert N. Bowen
(University of Hawaii). The remainder of the remains
were recovered from inadvertent discoveries and
archaeological monitoring of construction activities in
the peninsula.
A minimum of 1,544 individuals were recovered from pre-
contact (prior to 1778) graves. A number of these
individuals were represented by incomplete sets of
skeletal remains, and several of the isolated individuals
represented secondarily deposited incomplete sets of
remains removed from their original context. The pre-
contact funerary objects included kupe'e (wristlets made
of dog canines), basalt flakes, marine shells, kukui
(Alerites moluccana) nuts, and the bones of fish, birds,
pigs, dogs, and turtles.
A minimum of 38 individuals were recovered from post-
Contact (after 1778) graves during a construction project
in 1975. The post-Contact funerary objects included
kupe'e, and lei 'opu'u and lei niho (pendants made of
calcite, shell, and whale bone), as well as bone and
shell buttons, metal fragments, mirror glass, bottle
fragments, a metal ring, ivory beads, bone and glass,
metal nails, and metal parts of a smoking pipe.
Based on the above mentioned information, officials of
the U.S. Marine Corps have determined that, pursuant to
25 U.S.C. 3001 (2), there is a relationship of shared
group identity which can be reasonably traced between
these remains and present-day Native Hawaiian
organizations.
This notice has been sent to officials of Hui Malama I Na
Kupuna 'O Hawai'i Nei and the Office of Hawaiian Affairs.
Representatives of any other Native Hawaiian organization
which believes itself to be culturally affiliated with
these human remains and funerary objects should contact
Mr. John Bigay, Planner-in-Charge, Pacific Division,
Naval engineering Facilities Command, Pearl Harbor, HI,
96860-7300, (808) 471-9338, before April 1, 1994.
Dated: February 23, 1994
C. Timothy McKeown,
Acting Departmental Consulting Archeologist,
Chief, Archeological Assistance Division
[FR/Vol. 59, No. 39/Monday, February 28, 1994/Page 9495]
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